See your remaining 80C and 80D room, your marginal tax rate, and how much more you could save under the old regime.
Fully using your remaining ₹1.25 LPA of 80C + 80D room would raise your monthly take-home by roughly ₹3,250 — only under the old regime.
80D limits: ₹25,000 for self+family, ₹50,000 if the policyholder is a senior citizen — plus a separate, independently-sized allowance for parents' premiums on the same basis.
EPF and VPF contributions, PPF, ELSS mutual funds, life insurance premiums, principal repayment on a home loan, children's tuition fees, NSC, tax-saver FDs, and Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana all share one combined ₹1.5L annual limit under the old regime.
Up to ₹25,000 for health insurance premiums covering yourself and family, rising to ₹50,000 if you're a senior citizen. If you also pay premiums for your parents, you get a separate, independently-sized allowance on the same basis — so a non-senior covering senior-citizen parents could claim up to ₹75,000 combined.
No — both are old-regime-only. If you've opted into the new regime, these deductions don't apply to you at all, regardless of how much you invest or pay in premiums.
It's the tax rate applied to your next rupee of income (or saved by your next rupee of deduction) — determined by which income slab you're currently in. A ₹10,000 deduction at a 30% marginal rate saves ₹3,000 in tax; the same deduction at a 5% marginal rate saves only ₹500.